“All Under Heaven” is an Admirable, Aspirational, and Terrifying Goal for the CCP. Mr. Schuman lays out a basis for the various strategies being employed by the Chinese government – economic strangulation by One Belt, One Road, sharp power subversion of “Confucius Institutions”, military posturing and land grabbing in the South China Sea – all harken to hyperbole of dynastic greatness in China’s imperial past. The scary part is, as Schuman intimates in the closing chapter, is the attempt to unify “all under heaven” is not just a physical, geographic, or territorial aim of the CCP, but to lord over a vast kingdom economically and culturally. This may be the most comprehensive answer to the recent “great question” of the West: “What does China want?”